Tethered propgen

ABSTRACT

This application describes a generating unit for the conversion of energy from free flowing water into electric, hydraulic or pneumatic power. Generation is provided by a submersible system of turbine propellers mounted on horizontal shafts supported by three chambers each containing switchgear and/or generators and air/water ballast chambers. The generating system is tethered (attached) to the seabed by cable in an open channel waterway. Free of a rigid vertical support, the complete assembly is able to vary its position relative to the direction of water flow and seek an appropriate water elevation containing a set water velocity. Control means, power transmission means and design are disclosed.

INVENTION BACKGROUND

The invention is a hydroelectric power plant submerged in moving water, as in a river or tidal basin. Control of the operational depth and propeller and shaft orientations are the chief design goals for maximizing the generating capacity factor in a river or tidal basin.

Power generation efficiency within a natural and variable medium requires that the turbine propeller maintain a perpendicular relationship to the water's direction. Past examples of river or tidal basin energy conversion devices have depth and level control in moving water that is regulated by the systems fore and aft wings. Using a system of wings for control is only effective in a dynamic environment—action and reaction. When water is at standstill no control is possible, necessary leveling and depth control is not achieved and bottoming can occur. Another past approach used with some success is a fixed suspension from a bridge or piling or some other structural means of support. This fixed arrangement fails to satisfy the desired requirement for maximum efficiency due to its inability to maintain constant water velocity. A fixed system precludes the depth adjustment necessary in an open water channel. As water velocity and surface level varies due to seasonal or tidal change—a fixed system can not adjust accordingly. Fixed suspension also precludes the realization of an optimum maximum generation capacity factor (the ratio of actual kilowatt-hours generated to the killowatt-hours representing continuous generation operation during the same time period). The vertical freedom of movement for an open channel energy conversion device is necessary to realize a maximum generation capacity factor.

Buoyancy and drag forces are imposed on a submerged object by water moving at some velocity. The submersed Tethered PropGen controls its relationship to flow and elevation in this invention by tether from a cable to the sea bed and by variable air/water ballast as it seeks a set water velocity. Air/water jets are used to rotate the submerged structure to eliminate cable twist should twist occur between rising and falling tides.

It is typical of a tidal power generation plant to achieve a capacity factor of 44% annually with operation at rising and falling tides. A capacity Factor of 50% or greater is possible with this invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the generating device fixed by cable and anchored to the sea bed.

FIG. 2 is a Plan view of the generating device.

FIG. 3 is a Side elevation view of the generating device.

FIG. 4 is a Back elevation view of the generating device.

SPECIFICATION

FIG. 1 depicts the submerged generating device. Included items:

-   Item 1—the restraining anchor -   Item 2—the restraining cable. -   Item 3—the power and controls cable -   Item 4—the front pod containing but not showing the switchgear -   Item 5—the switchgear -   Item 6—the air compressor, -   Item 7—one of two water turbine propellers -   Item 8—the two back pods, each containing a shaft and bearings -   Item 9—shaft and bearings -   Item 10—speed increasing gear -   Item 11—a generator -   Item 12—ballast chamber -   Item 13—consists of a frame which ties pods 8(n=2) and 4 together     and provides structural rigidity to the power generating device -   Item 14—is the air hose through which air is supplied to the     compressor -   Item 15—the buoy marking the location of the generating device,     supporting the air hose and providing an air inlet. 

1. An entirely submerged power plant whose design shape is dominated by 2 turbine propellers and 3 chambers. Each chamber is capable of containing air or water ballast. The system's movement is limited by a cable fixed to the water channel bottom. The water depth of the device is controlled by the water velocity at the propellers, the drag forces on the three chambers, the constraint of the tether cable and the leveling operations achieved by using air/water ballast.
 2. Based on claim 1, a device that seeks a constant water velocity thus providing a level device and a constant power output. When water velocity is minimal the system will seek a higher water elevation. At zero water velocity the device is at its highest water elevation given the constraint of cable length.
 3. Based on claim 1, a device submerged to a depth to avoid ice and vessels.
 4. Based on claim 1, a device capable of assuming a propeller position perpendicular to water flow direction.
 5. A device or multiple devices, producing electrical power, transmitting by seabed cable(s) to 1 or multiple in-stream or shore located electrical power Substations.
 6. A device or multiple devices equipped with instruments and controls enabling local operation of each device at a surface water platform or remote operation at a land located position.
 7. Based on claim 2, a device capable of power production in a tidal basin, realizing a capacity factor greater than normal Hydro-electric and Wind generating installations.
 8. A device capable of power production regardless of the direction of water flow within a Tidal Basin.
 9. A device that can be monitored, deactivated and braked to a stand-still remotely.
 10. A device which can be floated on the surface of the water for maintenance purposes. 